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G235_ἀλλά
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al'la, voegwoord, onzijdig meervoud van αλλος H00243;

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Lexicon G. Abbott-Smith

Voor meer informatie: G. Abbott-Smith's A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (New York: Scribner's, 1922)

ἀλλά (ἀλλ’ usually bef. α and υ, often bef. ε and η, rarely bef. ο and ω, never bef. ι; Tdf., Pr., 93 f.; WH, App., 146), adversative particle, stronger than δέ; prop. neuter pl. of ἄλλος, used adverbially, with changed accent; hence prop. otherwise, on the other hand (cf. Ro 3:31 1. opposing a previous negation, but: οὐ (μὴ) . . . ἀ., Mt 5:15, 17 Mk 5:39, Jo 7:16, al.; rhetorically subordinating but not entirely negativing what precedes, οὐ . . . ἀ., not so much . . . as, Mk 9:37, Mt 10:20, Jo 12:44, al.; with ellipse of the negation, Mt 11:7-9, Ac 19:2, I Co 3:6 6:11 7:7, II Co 7:1, Ga 2:3, al.; in opposition to a foregoing pos. sentence, ἀ. οὐ, Mt 24:6, I Co 10:23οὐ μόνον . . . ἀ. καί, Jo 5:18, Ro 1:32, al.; elliptically, after a negation, ἀ. ἵνα, Mk 14:49, Jo 1:8 9:3, al.; = εἰ μή (Bl., §77, 13; M, Pr., 241; but cf. WM, §iii, 10), Mt 20:23, Mk 4:22. 2. Without previous negation, to express opposition, interruption, transition, etc., but: Jo 16:20 12:27, Ga 2:14; before commands or requests, Ac 10:20 26:16, Mt 9:18, Mk 9:22, al.; to introduce an accessory idea, II Co 7:11; in the apodosis after a condition or concession with εἰ, ἐάν, εἴπερ, yet, still, at least, Mk 14:29, I Co 9:2, II Co 4:16, Col 2:5, al.; after μέν, Ac 4:17, Ro 14:20, I Co 14:17 clause, ἀλλ’ ἔρχεται ὥρα, yea, etc., Jo 16:2; so with neg., ἀλλ’ οὐδέ, nay, nor yet, Lk 23:15. 3. Joined with other particles (a practice which increases in late writers; Simcox, LNT, 166), ἀ. γε, yet at least, Lk 24:21, I Co 9:2; ἄ ἤ., save only, except, Lk 12:51, II Co 1:13; ἀ. μὲν οὖν, Phl 3:8 (on this usage, v. MM, VGT, s.v.).

Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon

Voor meer informatie: Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon (1940)

ἀλλά,
  conjunction, originally neuter plural of ἄλλος, otheruise: used adversatively to limit or oppose words, sentences, or clauses, stronger than δέ:
__I in simple oppositions, but,
__I.1 after negative clauses, οὐ κακός, ἀλλ᾽ ἀγαθός Theognis Elegiacus 212; οὐδὲ μὲν Ἕκτωρ μίμνεν, ἀλλ᾽.. ἐφορμᾶται Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.690, etc.
__I.1.b after a simple negative, ἦ παραφρονεῖ; οὔκ, ἀλλ᾽ ὕπνος μ᾽ ἔχει Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 9, etc.
__I.1.c frequently after οὐ μόνον, μὴ μόνον, with or without καί, οὐ μόνον ἅπαξ, ἀ. πολλάκις Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 228a, compare Thucydides Historicus 3.59, Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.4.13, etc.; without μόνον, οὐχ ἑσπέρας, ἀλλὰ καὶ μεσημβρίας Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 1006: also after οὐχ (or μὴ (ὅτι, οὐχ (or μὴ) ὅπως , either, not only.. but.., μὴ ὅτι ἰδιώτην τινά, ἀλλὰ τὸν μέγαν βασιλέα Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 40d; μὴ ὅτι κατὰ τὸ σῶμα, ἀλλὰ καὶ κατὰ τὴν ψυχήν prev. author “Smp.” 207e ; or, not only not.. but.., οὐχ ὅπως κωλυταὶ.. γενήσεσθε, ἀλλὰ καὶ.. περιόψεσθε Thucydides Historicus 1.35; οὐχ ὅτι ὠργίζοντο, ἀλλ᾽ ἐζήλουν Demosthenes Orator 19.265 ; the negative form is ἀλλ᾽ οὐδέ, μὴ ὅτι ὑπὲρ ἄλλου, ἀλλ᾽ οὐδὲ ὑπὲρ ἐμαυτοῦ δίκην εἴρηκα Isaeus Orator 10.1, etc.
__I.2 in the apodosis of hypothetical sentences, still, at least, εἴπερ γάρ τε.. ἀλλά τε Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.82, etc.: in Prose, especially ἀλλ᾽ οὖν.. γε or ἀλλά.. γε, εἰ καὶ σμικρά, ἀ. οὖν ἴση γε ἡ χάρις Herodotus Historicus 3.140 ; εἰ μή (i.e. ὁρῶ), ἀλλ᾽ ἀκούω γε, Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 470d, compare Isocrates Orator 3.15, al.; εἰ μηδέν ἐστι τελευτήσαντι, ἀλλ᾽ οὖν τοῦτόν γε τὸν χρόνον ἧττον ἀηδὴς ἔσομαι Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 91b (in later Gk. ἀλλά γε may be in juxtaposition, εἰ ἄλλοις οὐκ εἰμὶ ἀπόστολος, ἀλλά γε ὑμῖν εἰμί NT.1Cor.9.2, and ἀ. γε δή is found with vv. Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” in Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 262a); εἰ καὶ μετέχουσι.. ἀλλ᾽ οὐ.. Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1282a11:—less frequently after Conjunctions of Time, as ἐπεὶ δή Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.151; ἐπεί Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 241.
__I.2.b after Homerus Epicus, ἀ. is used elliptically, especially with Advbs. of Time, ὦ θεοὶ πατρῷοι, συγγένεσθέ γ᾽ ἀ. νῦν (i.e. εἰ μὴ πρότερον, ἀ. νῦν γε) Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 411, compare “Ant.” 552, Euripides Tragicus “Heraclidae” 565; ἀ. τῷ χρόνῳ prev. author “Med.” 912 ; ἐὰν οὖν ἀ. νῦν γ᾽ ἔτι, i.e.ἐὰν οὖν μὴἄλλοτε, ἀ. νῦν γε.. if then now at least ye still.., Demosthenes Orator 3.33, compare Lysias Orator 10.15 :—without an adverb of Time, at least, ἡ δ᾽ ἀ. πρός σε μικρὸν εἰπάτω μόνον Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 660, compare Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1276, Euripides Tragicus “Hercules Furens” 331.
__I.3 sometimes = ἀλλ᾽ ἤ (which see), except, but, οὔτι μοι αἴτιος ἄλλος, ἀ... τοκῆε no one else, but.., Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.312; οὐδέ τις ἄλλη φαίνετο γαιάων, ἀ. οὐρανὸς ἠδὲ θάλασσα 12.404; ἔπαισεν οὔτις ἀ. ἐγώ Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1331; ἡδέα.. οὐκ ἔστιν ἀ. τούτοις Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1176a22, compare 1152b30 : compare reverse process in our word but=be out, except:—sometimes with force of ἤ after comparatives, τάφον, οὐκ ἐν ᾧ κεῖνται μᾶλλον, ἀ.ἐν ᾧ ἡ δόξα κτλ. not that in which they are lying, but far more.., Thucydides Historicus 2.43; οὐχ ὅπλων τὸ πλέον, ἀ. δαπάνης prev. author 1.83.
__I.4 with negative after an affirmative word or clause, to be rendered simply by not, ἀγαθῶν, ἀ. οὐχὶ κακῶν αἴτιον Lysias Orator 14.16; τῶν σπουδαίων, ἀ. μὴ τῶν φαύλων Isocrates Orator 1.2; ἐκεῖθεν, ἀ. οὐκ ἐνθένδε ἡρπάσθη Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 229d:—after a question, τί δεῖ ἐμβαλεῖν λόγον περὶ τούτου, ἀ. οὐχὶ προειπεῖ; Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.2.19, compare Isocrates Orator 15.229, etc.
__I.4.b without negative, μικρὸς μὲν ἔην δέμας, ἀ. μαχητής Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.801.
__II to oppose whole sentences,but, yet:
__II.1 frequently in transitions, as Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.135, 140, etc.; ἀ. καὶ ὥς.. 1.116 ; ἀ. οὐδ᾽ ὥς.. Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.6:—after Homerus Epicus in answers and objections, nay but.., well but.., frequently with negatives, especially in making and answering objections, Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 402, 407 ; also in affirmative answers, Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 330b, “Grg.” 449a, etc. :—repeated in a succession of questions or objections, πότερον ᾔτουν σέ τι..; ἀ. ἀπῄτου; ἀ. περὶ παιδικῶν μαχόμενο; ἀ. μεθύων ἐπαρῴνησ; Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 5.8.4, compare Plato Philosophus “Theages” 123e, Isocrates Orator 17.47 ; ἀ. μήν.., answered by ἀ.., Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1287a23:—in vehement answers Plato Philosophus often uses νὴ τοὺς θεοὺς ἀ..., μὰ Δἴ ἀ.., “Grg.” 481c, “Phlb.” 36a, cf. Alcaeus1.110b, c:—at beginning of speech, to introduce a general objection, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.472, compare Xenophon Historicus “Symposium” 1, Menander Comicus “Γεωργός” 22.
__II.2 with imperative or subjunctive, to remonstrate, encourage, persuade, etc., frequently in Homerus Epicus, ἀ. ἄγε, ἴθι, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.210, 11.611; ἀ. ἴομεν 6.526; ἀ. πίθεσθε 1.259; after voc., ὦ Φίντις, ἀ. ζεῦξον Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 6.22, compare Tyrtaeus Elegiacus 10.15, etc. ; answered by a second ἀ., ἀ. περιμένετε. ἀ. περιμενοῦμεν Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 327b; ἀλλ᾽ ἕρπεθ᾽ ὡς τάχιστα Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1643, compare “Ant.” 1029, etc.
__II.3 to break off a subject abruptly, ἀ. τά γε Ζεὺς οἶδεν Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.523 ; ἀ. ταῦτα μὲν τί δεῖλέγει; Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 11, compare “Tr.” 467, etc.
__II.4 in resuming an address after parenthesis, Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 2.12, 4.7.
__II.5 in elliptical phrases, οὐ μὴν ἀ., οὐ μέντοι ἀ... it is not so, but.., ὁ ἵππος πίπτει καὶ μικροῦ αὐτὸν ἐξετραχήλισεν· οὐ μὴν ἐξετραχήλισεν ἀ. ἐπέμεινεν ὁ Κῦρος it did not however throw him, but.., Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.4.8; οὐ μέντοι ἀ. Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 173b; οὐ γὰρ ἀ. Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 58, 498:—after δέ, ὑμεῖς δέ μ᾽ ἀ. παιδὶ συμφονεύσατε Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 391.
__III when joined with other Particles, each retains proper force, as,
__III.1 ἀλλ᾽ ἄρα, used by Homerus Epicus in transitions, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.418, 12.320, etc. ; later, to introduce an objection, Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 25a ; in questions,ἀλλ᾽ ἆρα..; prev. author “R.” 381b.
__III.2 ἀλλ᾽ οὖν, concessive, at all events, Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 1298; τοὺς πρώτους χρόνους ἀ. οὖνπροσεποιοῦνθ᾽ ὑμῖν εἶναι φίλοι Aeschines Orator 3.86 ; well then, Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 310a ; but then, however, with γε following, Herodotus Historicus 3.140, Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 84, Euripides Tragicus “Cyclops” 652, Isocrates Orator 3.18, etc.; ἀλλ᾽ οὖν γε in apodosi, see above 1.2.
__III.3 ἀλλὰ γάρ, frequently with words between, but really, certainly, as ἀλλὰ γὰρ Κρέοντα λεύσσω.., παύσω γόους, but this is irregular for ἀλλά, Κρέοντα γὰρ λεύσσω, παύσω γόους, Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 1308, compare Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 148 ; for the regular order compare Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 81, Euripides Tragicus “Heraclidae” 480, “Med.” 1067; frequently elliptical, the Verb being understood, Herodotus Historicus 8.8, Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 941, Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 155: in Homerus Epicus only with negatives, ἀλλ᾽ οὐ γάρ Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.242, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.355, al., compare Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1409 ; ἀ. γὰρ δή, ἀ. γάρ τοι, Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 167, “Ph.” 81.
__III.4 ἀ. εἰ.. quid si.. ? Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.559.
__III.5 ἀ. ἦ in questions, chiefly of surprise or remonstrance, Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 220, Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 879, Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 1111 ; ἀλλ᾽ ἦ, τὸ λεγόμενον, κατόπιν ἑορτῆς ἥκομε; Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 447a, compare “Prt.” 309c.
__III.6 ἀ. followed by strengthening Particle, ἀλλ᾽ ἤτοι μὲν ταῦτα θεῶν ἐν γούνασι κεῖται Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.514; especially with imper., 1.211, al. ; ἀλλά τοι Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.518, Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 795, etc. ; ἀ. μέντοι, with or without γε, Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 214e, “Hp.Ma.” 287d, al. ; ἀ. μήν, see at {μή; ἀ. δή}, mostly with words between, Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1271, “OC” 586, Isocrates Orator 4.109, etc. ; without intervening words, Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 37c, al.; ἀ. δῆτα prev. author “Hp.Ma.” 285c; ἀ. μὲν δὴ καὶ αὐτός prev. author “Tht.” 143b, compare Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 103.
__IV = et quidem, Olympiodorus Philosophus “in Aristotelis Meteora commentaria - pars” 1.13, al.

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