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G756_ἄρχομαι
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Taal: Grieks

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Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon

Voor meer informatie: Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon (1940)

ἄρχω,
  Epic dialect infinitive ἀρχέμεναι Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 20.154: imperfect ἦρχον prev. work 2.378, etc. ; Doric dialect ἆρχον Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 10(11).51 : future ἄρξω Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.667, Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 940, Thucydides Historicus 1.144: aorist ἦρξα, Epic dialect ἄρξα Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.230, etc. : perfect ἦρχα “CIG” “Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum” “Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum” 3487.14 (from Thyatira), Canon Laws texts cited in Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.851f :—middle, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.90, etc. ; non-thematic participle ἄρχμενος Callimachus Epicus “Aetia” 3.1.56, al. : imperfect, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.93, Herodotus Historicus 5.28: future ἄρξομαι (in middle sense, see below) Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.97, Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 442, Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.8.2 ; Doric dialect ἀρξεῦμαι Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 7.95 : aorist ἠρξάμην Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 23.310, etc.: —passive, perfect ἦργμαι only in middle sense, see below 1.2 : aorist ἤρχθην, ἀρχθῆναι Thucydides Historicus 6.18, Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1277b13, see below 11.4 :—to be first,
__I in Time, begin, make a beginning, active and middle (in Homerus Epicus the Act. is more frequently, in Attic. Prose the Med., especially where personal action is emphasized), πολέμου ἄρχειν to be the aggressor, Thucydides Historicus 1.53 ; π. ἄρχεσθαι to begin one's operations, Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 6.3.6 ; ἄρχειν τοῦ λόγου to open a conversation, prev. author “An.” 1.6.6 ; ἄρχεσθαι τοῦ λόγου to begin one's speech, prev. work 3.2.7. Constr.:
__I.1 mostly with genitive, make a beginning of, ἄρχειν πολέμοιο Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.335; μύθων Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.68; τῶν ἀδικημάτων πρῶτον τοῦτο ἄρξαι Herodotus Historicus 1.2; ἦρξεν ἐμβολῆς Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 409; τοῦ κακοῦ prev. work 353 ; ἄρχειν χειρῶν ἀδίκων, ἄρχειν τῆς πληγῆς, strike the first blow, Antipho Orator 4.2.1 and 2: — in middle in religious sense, = {ἀπάρχεσθαι}, ἀρχόμενος μελέων beginning with the limbs, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.428, compare Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 651 ; but active, σπονδαῖσιν ἄρξαι Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 6(5).37.
__I.2 with genitive, begin from or with.., ἐν σοὶ μὲν λήξω σέο δ᾽ ἄρξομαι Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.97; ἄρχεσθαι Διός Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 5.25 ; πόθεν ἄρξωμα; Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 855; πόθεν ποτὲ ἦρκται Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἀρχαίης ἰητρικῇς” 5 ; ἄρχεσθαι, ἦρχθαι ἔκ τινος, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 23.199, Hippocrates Medicus “κατ᾽ ἰητρεῖον” 11 ; ἀπό τινος frequently in Prose, ἀρξάμενοι αὐτίκα ἀπὸ παιδίων even from boyhood, Herodotus Historicus 3.12 ; but more commonly ἐκ παίδων, ἐκ παιδός, etc., Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 408d, “Thg.” 128d: —ἀπό in non-temporal relations, ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ σοῦ. i.e. including yourself, Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 471c, compare Demosthenes Orator 18.297; ἀπὸ τῶν πατέρων Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.5.15; μέχρι τῶν δώδεκα ἀπὸ μιᾶς ἀρξάμενος Plato Philosophus “Leges” 771c ; ἀφ᾽ ἱερῶν ἠργμένη ἀρχή prev. work 771a; ἀφ᾽ Ἑστίας ἀρχόμενος Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 846.
__I.3 with genitive of things et dative person, ἄρχε θεοῖς δαιτός begin a banquet to the gods, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.95; τοῖς ἄρα μύθων ἦρχε 2.433, etc.; τῇσι δὲ.. ἄρχετο μολπῆς Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.101; ἦρξε τῇ πόλει ἀνομίας τὸ νόσημα Thucydides Historicus 2.53, compare 12; τὴν ἡμέραν ἄρχειν ἐλευθερίας τῇ Ἑλλάδι Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.2.23; ἡμὶν οὐ σμικρῶν κακῶν ἦρξεν τὸ δῶρον Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 871.
__I.4 with accusative, ἄρχειν ὁδόν τινι, show him the way, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.107 (but also ἄρχειν ὁδοῖο lead the way, 5.237): abs. (i.e. ὁδόν), ἄρχε δ᾽ Ἀθήνη 3.12; σὺ μὲν ἄρχε Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.69; ἦ ῥα καὶ ἄρχε λέχοσδε κιών 3.447; ἦρχε δ᾽ ἄρα σφιν Ἄρης 5.592, compare below 11.2 : with other accusatives, ἄρχειν ὕμνον Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 3.10; ἅπερ ἦρξεν Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1529 (Lyric poetry); λυπηρόν τι Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 552; ὕβριν prev. author “fragment” 368.
__I.5 of actions, σέο δ᾽ ἕξεται ὅττι κεν ἄρχῃ Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.102: frequently with infinitive, τοῖσιν δ᾽ ἦρχ᾽ ἀγορεύειν among them, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.571, etc.; ἦρχε νέεσθαι, ἦρχ᾽ ἴμεν, 2.84, 13.329; ἄρχετε νῦν νέκυας φορέειν Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.437, etc.; ὑφαίνειν ἤρχετο μῆτιν Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.324; ἤρξαντο οἰκοδομεῖν Thucydides Historicus 1.107; ἡ νόσος ἤρξατο γενέσθαι prev. author 2.47 : with participle, of continued action or condition, ἦρχον χαλεπαίνων Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.378; ἢν ἄρξῃ ἀδικέων Herodotus Historicus 4.119; ἡ ψυχὴ ἄρχεται ἀπολείπουσα Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.7.26; πόθεν ἂν ὀρθῶς ἀρξαίμεθα ἐπαινοῦντε; Plato Philosophus “Menexenus” 237a, compare “Tht.” 187a (but ἄ. ἐπαινεῖν prev. author “Phdr.” 241e); ἄρξομαι διδάσκων Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.8.2 (but ἤρξω μανθάνειν prev. author “Mem.” 3.5.22).
__I.6 absolutely, ἄρχε take the lead! Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.69 : generally, begin, ἄρχειν τὴν ἐκεχειρίαν τήνδε τὴν ἡμέραν Indut. cited in Thucydides Historicus 4.118, cf. Legal cited in Demosthenes Orator 24.42 ; τὸ ἄρχον, opposed to τὸ ἑπόμενον, Damascius Philosophus “de Principiis” 234 : participle ἀρχόμενος at first, Xenophon Historicus “de Equitandi ratione” 9.3, “Cyn.” 3.8, Isocrates Orator 2.54 ; at the beginning, ἀρχομένου δὲ πίθου καὶ λήγοντος Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 368, compare “fragment” 192.4; ἀρχομένοισιν ἢ καταπαυομένοισι Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 1246; ἄρχεται ὁ πόλεμος ἐνθένδε Thucydides Historicus 2.1; ἅμα ἦρι ἀρχομένῳ prev. passage; θέρους εὐθὺς ἀρχομένου prev. work 47.
__I.7 Grammars, of a word, ἄ. ἀπὸ φωνήεντος Dionysius Thrax Grammaticus 633.27 ; ἡ ἄρχουσα (i.e. συλλαβή) Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Syntaxi;” 130.13.
__II in point of Place or Station, rule, govern, command,
__II.1 mostly with genitive, rule, be leader of.., Βοιωτῶν Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.494, compare Herodotus Historicus 5.1, etc.
__II.2 less frequently with dative, ἀνδράσιν ἦρξα Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.230, compare 471, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.805, Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.4, Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 940, Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 666, “IA” 337, “IG” 7.2830 (from Hyettus), etc. ; also ἐν δ᾽ ἄρα τοῖσιν ἦρχ᾽ held command among them, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.690, compare Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 238a: with infinitive added, ἄρχε Μυρμιδόνεσσι μάχεσθαι led them on to fight, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.65.
__II.3 absolutely, rule, ὅσον τό τ᾽ ἄρχειν καὶ τὸ δουλεύειν δίχα Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 927, compare “Pers.” 774 ; especially hold a magistracy, ὁκοῖόν τε εἴη ἄρχειν μετὰ τὸ βασιλεύειν Herodotus Historicus 6.67 ; at Athens, etc., to be archon, Demosthenes Orator 21.178 ; ἀρχάς, ἀρχὴν ἄρχειν, Herodotus Historicus 3.80, Thucydides Historicus 6.54 ; ἄρχειν τὴν ἐπώνυμον (with or without ἀρχήν) “IG” 3.659, 693, “SIG” 872.7.
__II.4 passive, with future ἄρξομαι Herodotus Historicus 7.159, Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 8.45, Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 589, Lysias Orator 28.7; but ἀρχθήσομαι Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1259b40, Dio Cassius Historicus 65.10 :—to be ruled, governed, etc., ὑπό τινος Herodotus Historicus 1.127; ἔκ τινος Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 264, “Ant.” 63; ὑπό τινι Herodotus Historicus 1.91, 103; σφόδρα ὑπό τινος Lysias Orator 12.92; ἄρχε πρῶτον μαθὼν ἄρχεσθαι Solon Lyricus cited in 3rd c.AD(?): Diogenes Laertius 1.60, compare Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 326d; δύνασθαι καὶ ἄρχεσθαι καὶ ἄρχειν Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1277b14; οἱ ἀρχόμενοι subjects, Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2 6.19, etc.

Synoniemen en afgeleide woorden

Grieks ἀπαρχή G536 "eerstelingen"; Grieks ἀρχή G746 "begin, oorsprong"; Grieks ἄρχω G757 "voornaamste, leiden, besturen"; Grieks ἐνάρχομαι G1728 "beginnen met iets"; Grieks ὑπάρχω G5225 "uparcw";

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